[Jewelry making - Article 00050] - Re: [Orchid] Quick and dirty silver patina?

[CalEnamelist]

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    Orchid is so much fun!. Chlorine patinas for silver? Take
    precautions: follow along here... 

    Chlorine (chemical symbol Cl) is a member of the halogen family
    (located in Group VIIA of the periodic table) and are a particular
    class of "nonmetals". The halogens are particularly reactive
    (especially with the alkali metals). The alkali metals are the
    elements located in Group IA of the periodic table. These nonmetals
    are located on the upper right side of the periodic table. Nonmetals
    are separated from metals (like Cu, Au & Ag - copper/gold/silver) by
    a line that cuts diagonally through that region of the periodic
    table. 

    Important Chemical properties of Chlorine: 

    Chlorine is "corrosive" to some forms of plastics, rubber, and
    coatings. It is soluble in chlorides, alkali, and alcohol's.
    Chlorine (in it's gas state) reacts explosively or forms explosive
    compounds with many common substances such as acetylene, ether,
    turpentine, ammonia, fuel gas, hydrogen, and finely divided metals.
    It is a noncombustible gas, and a strong "oxidizer". Remember the
    thread about rusting files? 

    Chlorine (in it's gas state) is heavier than air, and less
    water-soluble than ammonia. Water dissolves about twice its volume
    of chlorine gas, forming a mixture of hydrochloric and hypochlorous
    acids. It can be an eye irritant, respiratory irritant. 

    Here is the danger: Chlorine (Cl) reacts with ammonia or acids to
    form toxic gas. Danger: Most chlorine bleaches are labeled as a
    "corrosive". Household bleach (used to whiten fabrics or remove mold
    from surfaces) is a 5% solution of a stabilized form of chlorine. 

    Do Not Mix household bleach with acid-containing or
    ammonia-containing (cleaner) substances. Dangerous levels of a very
    harmful gas can be created by these mixtures. 

    Remember those pH levels discussed in another thread previously?
    Thinking this through; we do not want to unintentionally make our
    studios into little laboratory experiments. Vinegar (pH of about 3.0
    - acidic) differs from ammonia (pH of about 12); the smaller the pH
    number the more acidic - conversely, the higher the pH number the
    more alkalinity.

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